William and Catherine Mitchell

William Mitchell
William was the first member of the Mitchell family to be bought out of the family partnership. In a Deed of Conveyance dated 10th August 1857, James, Joseph and Henry Mitchell and Eli Allen paid ₤300 to William for his share of the land. The partnership was dissolved by mutual consent. James, Joseph, Henry and Eli continued the business under the trade name 'Mitchells & Allen'.
William built a hotel on the corner of Abel Smith and Taranaki Streets and named it The Royal Tiger after the British '65th Regiment of Foot the First Battalion the York and Lancaster Regiment' (the 65th or 'Royal Tigers') that had barracks nearby. The hotel had three gable windows at the base of a steep slate-covered roof. Two posts supported a lamp facing the entrance.

Royal Tiger Hotel, 1866
"The hotel or inn was the last resort of the soldiers (already 'well lit-up'), some of whom stayed there drinking until they became incapable and until the Round-up Picket Guard made their usual nightly calls at the hotels and trundled them to the barracks in wheelbarrows. Some have been seen by old residents being carried (sometimes head downwards) pinioned by a soldier at each armpit, while another held his legs to the accompaniment of discordant yells of pain or an uproarious ditty." [Louis Ward recorded in Old Wellington Hotels, Some History, Personalities and Anecdotes by Pat Lawlor, The Millwood Press, 1974, pg 58]
William remained proprietor and licensee for some time. He was still listed as the proprietor in the 1872-3 Wises Directory. By 1876-77 the hotel at 1 Abel Smith Street was owned by John Staples.
Wellington City Council records for the Te Aro Ward (1874-75, and 1976-77) show William Mitchell was the owner of Town Acre number 108, Abel Smith Street. His occupation was listed as farmer. Where did William farm? The birth place of one of his sons may give us a clue. Arthur Alexander Mitchell was born on 20.8.1866 in the Wairarapa at west Taratahi. The Provincial Government Gazette of the Province of Wellington, New Zealand defines the Taratahi area as "bounded north by the Waingawa River; East by the Ruamanga River; South by the Waiohine River; and west by the Tararua Range. Excepting always the Township of Carterton." [1859, pg 81]
In the Sheep Inspector's reports of sheep in the Wairarapa and East Coast Districts, there is mention of W. Mitchell owning or being in charge of sheep at Taratahi between 1863 and 1876. [These reports are published in the above mentioned Gazette.] For the first couple of years, his sheep were having problems with scab.
The Gazette also records various purchases of farm land in the Wairarapa area with W. Mitchell purchasing some by himself but mostly in partnership with Moritz Hirshberg.
Family recollection is that William Mitchell gave each of his adult sons a number of acres to farm. For example, John Thomas Mitchell was given a farm at Moutoa near Foxton; George James Mitchell was given land by the Hutt River near the entrance to Stokes Valley; and Arthur Alexander Mitchell was given land in Otaki.
William retained ownership of, and lived in, the house (called 'Holly House') at 1 Abel Smith Street until he died 10 months after his wife in 1902 - Catherine was 72 and William 82. They'd had 11 children, 9 of whom lived past the age of 22.
Photo of William Mitchell kindly provided by Alexander Turnbull Library (Wellington, New Zealand) from Cyclopedia of New Zealand Vol 1, Wellington.
Photo of Royal Tiger Hotel: Ref: F90392 1/2 41, Wellington Hotels, Royal Tiger. 1866. Permission of the Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington, New Zealand, must be obtained before any re-use of their images.
Catherine Mitchell
Catherine Anastasia Mitchell (nee Suter) remains a mystery. We have no photos of her.
What we know of Catherine
Her death certificate gives her father’s name as Alexander Suter and his occupation as Bricklayer.
Her place of birth is given as Manchester, England.
At her death on 8 January 1902, she’d been in New Zealand 55 years so must have arrived about 1846.
She married William in 1850 at the Sydney Street Methodist Chapel. She was 20 when she married so she must have been born around 1830. This ties in with her age at death being given as 71 on her death certificate and 72 in the death notice and on the headstone.
She would have been about 16 when she arrived in New Zealand.
What we suspect (after drawing blanks in a wide range of research)
There is a good chance that Catherine was the second youngest daughter of an Alexander Souter (also spelled Suter and Sutter) who came to Lancashire from Fifeshire in Scotland, married, moved to Manchester and had a family, then emigrated to Botany Bay, Australia, on board the Agnes in 1842. However, the confirming material for the Agnes passenger list is missing and Alexander would have been 62 when the youngest was born and 70 when they emigrated.
Details of this family:
| |
Name |
Birth |
Marriage |
Death |
| Parents |
Alexander Souter |
20 July 1771, Wemyss, Fife |
14 October 1810 Bolton le Moors, St Peter, Lancashire |
|
| |
Anne Potter |
|
ditto |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| Chn |
Nicolas Souter |
|
|
1857 |
| |
Alexander Souter |
|
Jane Bracknell,
27 May 1844, Mancetter [?] Warwicks |
|
| |
David Balfour Souter |
1814 |
Jane Plunkett
14 Apr 1834, Manchester |
|
| |
John Souter |
1823 |
Jane Corner December 1841, Stockton |
|
| |
Edward Souter |
21 March 1825 |
1851, Sydney |
1891, New South Wales |
| |
Mary Jane Souter |
21 May 1828
Bolton, Lancashire |
1846, Sydney |
1903, New South Wales |
| |
Catherine Souter |
4 Feb 1831 |
|
|
| |
Mary Ann Souter |
18 November 1833, Manchester |
Sydney |
New South Wales |
See the website: http://users.bigpond.net.au/mhillman/
The 1841 England Census lists the family at the same address in Mancester: Ann Suter (45) Dress Maker, Edward Suter (15) Brick Layer, Mary Jane Suter (10), Catharine Suter (5), and Mary Ann Suter (3). Many of the ages given in the census were rounded to the nearest “5”. The Suters are all listed as having been born in that county, Lancashire.
Best guess
If the Catherine we have tracked from Manchester to Sydney is our Catherine, then she probably accompanied someone to Wellington as a servant when she was about 16.
Tragedies
Three of William and Catherine's sons meet tragic deaths:

Alfred's headstone
- Alfred Charles Mitchell, aged 14 years 9 months, died on 9 November 1872 after being kicked by a horse.
- Walter Herbert Mitchell, aged 18, drowned in Evans Bay, Wellington, on 12 January 1890.
- William Henry (Harry) Mitchell, aged 33, drowned in the Manawatu River at Moutoa on Christmas Day in 1885. He left a wife and four children.
Newspaper report in Evening Post, 13 January 1890 (page 2, column 9):
BOATING FATALITY IN THE HARBOUR - DROWNING OF A YOUTH
Several boating accidents have occurred in the harbour over the past few weeks but in only one case has there been loss of life. The exception was yesterday when a partially decked boat, 18 feet long, capsized in Evans Bay, and caused the death of a fine young fellow, 18 years of age, named Herbert Mitchell, the son of Mr William Mitchell of Abel Smith Street, an old and respected resident of the city.
Young Mitchell owned a share in the boat and in company with two other youths named Charles Oliver, who resides in Cuba Street, and John Flynn who lives in Mitchelltown, he started away with her from the water edge's steps at Queens Wharf at about 10 o'clock yesterday morning for the purpose of sailing about the harbour. As the wind was blowing pretty stiff from the north-west at the time and a good sea was running in the harbour, the boat was taken out with a single reefed mainsail. On reaching Magazine's Point, it was decided to run up Evans Bay as far as Martin's Ferry and fix a false keel on the little craft which was never a stiff boat, Mr Martin's place was soon reached, a fair wind taking her right into the bight and on the boat being hauled up on the beach, Mitchell and his companions procured a piece of timber from Mr Martin and with the assistance of some iron plates which they had with them, they fixed it on the keel. They arrived at the ferry between 11 and 12 and at about half past 4 they made up their minds to start for home. The wind had increased during the time they were working at the keel, and when they were ready to leave on the homeward journey half a gale was blowing on the bay, while the sea of course was very rough. Mr and Mrs Martin as well as Mr Frederick Jones salesman in Messrs R Hannah & Co's boot store on Lambton Quay who happened to be on the spot at the time, strongly advised them not to put out under the circumstances as all three expressed the opinion that the boat would never live in such circumstances.
Unfortunately their predictions came only too true. Mitchell was confident that they would be able to take the boat home, and in a few minutes he started away on his fatal journey, Flynn and Oliver accompanying him. The boat always carried some small boxes of cement for ballast but in order to stiffen her still more heavy stones were stowed away in her while she was at the ferry and the sail was double reefed. Mr and Mrs Martin and Mr Jones stood watching her for a few minutes, and were horrified to see her struck by a heavy squall and capsized about 200 yards off the shore, the occupants were thrown into the water.
A dingy which was lying at the ferry was promptly launched by Messrs Martin and Jones who put off to the assistance of the young men. Flynn was reached first but he sank before Messrs Martin and Jones could catch hold of him. He rose again however, in a few moments, a short distance off and the rescuing party immediately pulled towards the spot but before they were able to come up to where he was he began to disappear again. Mr Martin leaping over the side of his boat caught the young fellow about a foot below the surface of the water, and hauled him with great difficulty into the little craft.
Flynn was very much exhausted when pulled up and Mr Jones set himself to work to restore the youth while Mr Martin took to the oars and went to the assistance of Mitchell and Oliver the former at that time was clinging to the bottom of the capsized boat while the latter was holding on to an oar which had floated out of her. Oliver was reached first and was taken on board and the additional weight caused the ferry boat to become so unsteady that it was decided to take Flynn and Oliver ashore before trying to rescue Mitchell. Before however Messrs Martin and Jones had reached the shore Mitchell had released his hold of the boat and disappeared. On effecting a landing, Flynn was placed in blankets in Mr Martin's house, and Mr Barnes the expressman who was passing at the time was dispatched to town for some brandy. The liquor arrived in a short time, and was of great assistance in bringing Flynn round. Oliver was all right soon after he got to the beach and took part in the efforts that were made to restore his companion. At the end of two hours Flynn was placed in blankets and conveyed in the express to Dr Collins' surgery in Boulcott Street as he complained of pains in the chest. Dr Collins applied the usual remedies and after a while the youth was well enough to be removed to his home at Mitchelltown, Constable Grey accompanying him thither.
The main-sheet was fastened when the accident occurred and there is little doubt that the circumstances had something to do with the capsize. The boat, however, was not well handled; all three youths being novices in that line and as she was much too crank in rough weather it is not surprising to find that she turned turtle in such heavy weather as prevailed yesterday. The squall which put her over was a very severe one and Mr Jones says he believes she would have been blown over even if she had no canvas on her. Mitchell clung to the boat from the first and as she gradually disappeared below the surface it is assumed that he must have stuck to her until he lost consciousness. Flynn struck out for the yacht Poneke which was lying at anchor in the bight but although a good swimmer, was unable to make much headway in such a heavy seaway, and but for the timely assistance rendered by Messrs Martin and Jones he would have met a watery grave.
Before starting away from the ferry Mitchell jocularly remarked in answer to Mr Martin's expostulation, "Well if we get capsized we shall have this piece of timber (the false keel) to hold on to." We must not omit to mention that while Flynn and Oliver were being brought to shore, Mrs Martin sent two boys out in a small boat for the purpose of rescuing Mitchell but owing to the heavy weather they were unable to get more than a few yards from the beach before the unfortunate young fellow disappeared.
Messrs Martin and Jones deserve great credit for their prompt action which was undoubtedly the means of saving two lives.
Young Mitchell was an apprentice at the Government Printing Office, and was a member of the Pirate Football Club and the Midland Cricket Club. He was a promising youth and was well liked by all who knew him. About a year ago he had the misfortune to injure his knee at football, and it was feared at the time that the leg would have to be amputated. An elder brother was drowned in the Manawatu district a few years ago. The body of the youth drowned yesterday has not been recovered.
Out of respect for the memory of the deceased, the practices of the Midland Cricket Club, ordered for this week, will not take place.
Grave

Mitchell grave
William and Catherine's family grave was plot 10H Sydney Street Cemetery. The grave was one of the many disinterred for the Wellington motorway in the 1970s.
Photo: reference no 35mm-25583-18A;F. Permission must be obtained from the Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington, New Zealand, before any re-use of this image.

Headstone
The headstone has been reinstated in the Bolton Street Memorial Park.
The remains of William, Catherine and their two sons Alfred Charles and Walter Herbert, are in the Mass grave at the Bolton Street Memorial Park.

Mass grave
Obituaries
Death notice Evening Post Monday November 24th 1902, pg 6, col 2:
“MITCHELL On 22 November 1902 at his residence No 1 Abel Smith Street, William Mitchell aged 82 years.”
Obituary Evening Post Monday November 24th 1902, p4 col 8: “After a residence in Wellington for over sixty years, Mr William Mitchell died on Saturday eighty two years of age. He was born in Halifax Yorkshire and in 1841 arrived in Port Nicholson with his parents in the ship Gertrude. During the Maori War, the deceased who then lived on the Porirua road, served in the Militia and later in the Armed Constabulary in which he had some stirring experiences. He left the force in 1850 and married Miss Catherine Suter. Mr Mitchell built the Royal Tiger Hotel and conducted it for many years. During his long residence he made a wide circle of friends.”
Obituary NZ Mail 26 November 1902, p 54c: “Mr William Mitchell, one of the pioneers of Wellington, died on Saturday in his 82nd year. The deceased, who was born in Halifax, Yorkshire, arrived in Wellington by the ship Gertrude with his parents in 1841. A brickmaker by trade, he, with his brothers, established a brickyard in Upper Willis Street, continuing the business for three years. During the Maori War, the late Mr Mitchell, then settled on the Porirua Road, served in the Militia, and subsequently in the Armed Constabulary, having several hairbreadth escapes, especially from the murderous chief Rangiatea. Leaving the force in 1850, Mr Mitchell married Miss Catherine Suter, and raised a family of seven sons and four daughters. Three of his sons suffered violent deaths. The late Mr Mitchell was interested in the land now known as Mitchelltown, which derives its name from the family. He built the Royal Tiger Hotel, and conducted it for ten years. The deceased was a member and regular attendant at the Taranaki street Wesleyan Church, and enjoyed the respect of a large circle of friends.”
Obituary The Free Lance, 29 November 1902, 4b: "Mr William Mitchell who passed away on Saturday last, was variously known among the old identities of the city as “Old Bill”, as “The Whisperer”, and as “Tiger Mitchell”. “Old” William certainly was for he had attained more than the allotted span of years, being eighty-two when he died. He was jocularly dubbed “The Whisperer” because of his penetrating voice. He was nicknamed “Tiger” because he was the proprietor if the Royal Tiger Hotel, which house he ran himself for about a decade.
Mr Mitchell was a Yorkshireman, and he had the full share of that county’s love for cricket, a game to which he was ardently attached throughout his life. There was no keener critic who sat on the benches of the Basin Reserve than “Old Bill”.
Mr Mitchell was one of the passengers on the ship Gertrude, which dropped her anchor in Wellington harbour away back in 1841. In those days when the Maoris threatened to descend upon Wellington the Mitchell “boys” – Bill, Harry and Jim – became militiamen, like the rest of the men folk of this community. They also did business in those days with the troops, for they secured the contract to supply their firewood. The wood was hewn from the bush which in those days clothed the district now known as Mitchelltown. This land was acquired by Mr Henry Mitchell, after whom the district became known. He cleared the land and sold it in sections. Mr Henry Mitchell, who is still a resident in Wellington, is one of the early settlers who has prospered with the growth of the city.
Mr Wm Mitchell had great misfortune with his family, no less than three of whom met with sudden and violent deaths. One son gave great promise of becoming a cricketer of more than average ability, but he was cut off in the flower of his youth. Some ten years ago, one son was drowned in a boating accident in Evans Bay. Subsequently, another son died as the result of an accident in the country.
The lately-deceased was highly respected, being recognized as a straight-living man, of a rugged, sturdy independence. He was a staunch and very old adherent of the Taranaki Street Wesley Church."